A systematic review of the “Logsplitter” injury: how much do we know?

BackgroundAs an emerging proposed type of ankle joint injury, the concept of logsplitter injury is a unified overview of the high-energy ankle fracture and dislocation accompanied by distal tibiofibular syndesmosis separation and displacement. Since the concept of logsplitter injury is still relatively novel, there is no uniform standard for its clinical classification, diagnosis and treatment currently. Thus, we reviewed previous literatures here to provide certain references for its better clinical diagnosis and treatment in future.MethodsThe available literatures from January 1985 to June 2020 in five medical databases were searched and analyzed. The original articles that evaluated the outcomes of patients treated surgically for the logsplitter injury were included. The detailed data were then extracted from each research, including the researchers, type of study, level of evidence, type of center research, groups, number of patients, gender, age, causes of injury, time from injury to surgery, operative time, intraoperative blood loss, length of follow-up, postoperative complications and clinical outcomes. The overall search procedures were performed by the two independent reviewers.ResultsSeven pieces of researches (199 patients) were eligible for inclusion. All researches were either retrospective or prospective study, and all but one was single center study. Falling from height ranked first in the causes of injury (52.8%), and followed by the traffic accidents (29.6%). Clinical outcomes were all measured using the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score, and the mean AOFAS score at the final follow-up was 77.9 points.ConclusionsNone of the definitive consensuses exists on how logsplitter injury should be diagnosed and surgically managed. In light of the novel concept, short presentation time and numerous postoperative complications, the logsplitter injury has not been well understood by most surgeons currently, and its overall situation still needs to be supported by a larger sample size of multicenter research in the future.     

磁共振结合高分辨率CT在中耳乳突炎患者术前评估中的临床应用

目的探讨磁共振结合高分辨率CT在中耳乳突炎患者术前评估中的临床应用。方法选取我院2018年11月~2020年12月接收患有中耳乳突炎的患者40例为研究对象,所有患者均采用磁共振以及高分辨率CT进行诊断检查,比较两组患者诊断后手术特征显示度。结果诊断后,磁共振联合高分辨率CT检查图像显示度高于单独使用磁共振或高分辨率CT诊断(P<0.05)。结论使用磁共振结合高分辨率CT对中耳乳突炎患者进行术前评估,显示度较高,提高诊断准确度,值得推广。     

经内镜黏膜下剥离术治疗直肠神经内分泌肿瘤的疗效及安全性CSCD

目的探讨经内镜黏膜下剥离术(ESD)治疗直肠神经内分泌肿瘤(RNET)的疗效,并评估其安全性。方法回顾性分析2011年1月—2017年12月在江苏省人民医院行直肠ESD治疗、经病理及免疫组织化学确诊为RNET的80例患者(91处病变)的临床资料,并对患者进行随访。结果所有病变均为完整切除病灶。有症状的患者术后3天~2月症状均有不同程度缓解,无严重术后并发症,标本切缘阳性率20.88%(19/91),切缘可疑阳性率35.16%(32/91)。切除标本最大长径20 mm。单因素分析中,肿瘤长径≥10 mm、肿瘤处于G2级与切缘可疑阳性及阳性相关(P<0.05)。肿瘤处于G2级为切缘可疑阳性及阳性的独立危险因素。仅有1例患者术前证实为RNET。中位随访时间34月,复发率4.40%(4/91)。结论ESD在治疗直径<20 mm的G1级和G2级的RNET患者中具有良好疗效。对于ESD术后显示切缘阳性及可疑阳性的RNET患者,可密切随访暂不实施其他治疗。     

表浅型食管癌经内镜黏膜下剥离术导致非治愈性切除的危险因素及长期生存分析

Objective To identify risk factors of non-curative resection in superficial esophageal cancer (SEC) after endoscopic submucosal dissection and to evaluate the prognosis. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the data of 207 SEC patients who received ESD. The median follow-up was 48 months. Results The en bloc resection rate was 89.25% (191/214), the complete resection rate was 80.84 % (173/214), the curative resection rate was 70.09% (150/214) and the non-curative resection rate was 29.91% (64/214). The maximum long diameter of specimen was 110 mm. Age, gender, tumor size, lesions performance during surgery and operation time were associated with the non-curative resection (P<0.05). Female, lesion diameter≥50mm and poorly performed lesions were identified as significant risk factors for non-curative resection. In the noncurative resection group, there was no difference in cancer-free survival and survival between patients who had no additional treatmeat after ESD and those who underwent surgery or radiotherapy. Conclusion For patients with poor general condition who are not willing to undergo surgery or chemoradiotherapy, regular endoscopy seems to be an option. © 2020, CHINA RESEARCH ON PREVENTION AND TREATMENT. All rights reserved.     

老年复发性小肝癌患者行再切除术与经皮射频消融术的疗效分析

目的 探讨再次手术切除与经皮射频消融在老年复发性小肝癌患者中的临床疗效。方法 回顾性分析2008 年1 月至2014 年1 月淮安第一医院收治的56 例肝癌术后以小肝癌形式复发的老年患者。其中再次手术切除治疗34例（手术切除组）,经皮射频消融治疗22例（射频消融组）。比较两组的一般情况、术后生化指标、并发症发生情况以及生存状况,使用SPSS 20.0 统计学软件进行分析。结果 射频消融组患者治疗后TBIL、ALT、AST、ALB指标优于手术切除组（P＜0.05）;手术切除组患者并发症发生数（31例次）明显高于射频消融组（8 例次）（ P＜0.05）。射频消融组术后1、3、5 年无瘤生存率（86.4%、54.5%、45.5%）均明显好于手术切除组（61.8%、26.5%、14.7%）,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 经皮射频消融对老年复发性小肝癌患者的远期治疗效果优于手术再切除,而且射频消融具有创伤小、肝功能影响小、术后并发症低等优点。     

单切口切开复位内固定治疗胫腓骨远端骨折

目的探讨单切口切开复位钢板螺钉内固定治疗胫腓骨远端骨折的疗效。方法回顾性分析2015年8月~2018年9月我院骨科收治的46例胫腓骨远端骨折患者的临床资料,均为闭合性骨折,均行切开复位钢板螺钉内固定。其中,23例采用单切口入路(观察组),23例采用双切口入路(对照组)。记录并比较两组手术、骨折愈合、并发症情况,采取Johner-wruhs评分评价临床效果。结果两组均顺利完成手术,观察组出血量、手术时间及骨折愈合时间均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。随访6~18个月,平均(14.72±2.66)个月,所有患者均未发生感染、骨不连、血管神经损伤、骨折畸形愈合,下肢力线均得到很好纠正,膝关节、踝关节、距下关节运动范围好,无痛,步态正常。Johner-wruhs评分均达到优良。结论单切口行钢板螺钉内固定治疗胫腓骨远端骨折创伤小,可缩短手术时间,减少出血,促进骨折愈合,降低术后感染发生率,临床效果可靠,且操作简单,易于掌握。     

miR-34b基因启动子区甲基化与甲状腺乳头状癌的关系

目的探讨甲状腺乳头状癌（PTC）中微小RNA-34b（miR-34b）基因的表达及其启动子区的甲基化情况,并分析甲基化与其临床病理特征的关系。方法收集2008年9月至2010年10月期间南京医科大学附属淮安第一医院行手术切除的25例PTC患者的癌组织和癌旁组织。采用实时定量PCR法检测其miR-34b mRNA的表达,采用甲基化特异性（MSP）PCR法检测miR-34b基因启动子区的甲基化情况。结果 PTC癌组织中miR-34bmRNA的相对表达量为0.85±0.05,较癌旁组织的1.62±0.09低（P=0.030）。25例PTC癌组织中,有18例（72%）患者的miR-34b基因启动子区发生甲基化,癌旁组织组有10例（40%）,癌组织的甲基化比例较高（P=0.021）。甲基化与PTC患者的年龄、性别、肿瘤大小、TNM分期和包膜浸润均无关（P〉0.05）,而与淋巴结转移有关,发生淋巴结转移者的甲基化比例高于未发生淋巴结转移者（P〈0.05）。结论 PTC癌组织中miR-34b基因启动子区的异常甲基化可能是该基因失活的原因之一,并且可能与PTC的发生、发展以及转移均有关,其机理值得进一步研究。     

强直性脊柱炎患者血清基质金属蛋白酶-3,TNF-α,IL-15,CRP水平及意义的研究

目的探讨强直性脊柱炎(ankylosing spondylitis,AS)患者血清基质金属蛋白酶-3(MMP-3),TNF-α,IL-15,CRP水平及意义。方法采用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)测定45例AS患者和31例健康对照组的血清MMP-3、白细胞介素15(IL-15)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)及C-反应蛋白(CRP)水平,比较各个指标在AS组与对照组之间的差异,并分析AS组患者各指标间的相关性。结果血清MMP-3,TNF-α,CRP水平在AS组患者显著高于健康对照组(P<0.001),IL-15水平两组比较也有显著性差异(P<0.05);在AS组仅有MMP-3与IL-15之间存在相关性。结论MMP-3和IL-15在AS发病机制中起着重要作用,可以作为评估AS病情的二个有价值的血清学指标。     

食管癌术后心律失常危险因素分析

目的:探讨食管癌术后发生心律失常的危险因素以指导临床防治。方法:收集2006年1月—2006年12月887例食管癌手术患者资料,对术后心律失常可能的危险因素进行分析。结果:年龄超过60岁、术前心电图异常、高血压、FEV1/FVC<70%、手术时间>3.5h、术中失血>600ml、弓上及颈部吻合等是食管癌术后发生心律失常的危险因素。结论:对具备以上因素的患者应在术前有效控制血压,加强心肺功能锻炼,改善营养状况,术中轻柔操作,术后给予有效镇痛、鼓励有效排痰、保持胃管引流通畅。